South Korea primarily uses Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) for knee treatments, categorized into umbilical cord blood-derived (allogeneic), bone marrow-derived (autologous), and adipose-derived (autologous) types. Clinics often combine these with arthroscopy, laser therapy, or radiofrequency to enhance tissue regeneration and functional joint recovery.
- Umbilical cord-derived: Uses Cartistem® for severe cartilage defects with low immune rejection risk.
- Bone marrow-derived: Features Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate (BMAC) for same-day, rejection-free autologous therapy.
- Adipose-derived: Utilizes fat tissue for high cell yield and long-term joint mobility.
- Combination protocols: Integrates dual injection therapy with physical or laser therapy for recovery.
Bookimed Expert Insight: South Korean clinics like Samsungbalance Clinic often distinguish themselves by bundling stem cell injections with radiofrequency or manual therapy. This tiered approach suggests that localized mechanical stimulation is viewed as essential for maximizing the biological impact of the cells in Korean orthopedic practice.
Patient Consensus: Patients prioritize verifying cell counts and viability before treatment. While complete cartilage regrowth remains a medical goal, most report significant pain relief and improved functional mobility as the primary outcomes.