الشامة (الوحمة أو الوحمة) هي تراكم لصبغة الجلد - إعاقة خلقية أو ورم حميد مكتسب من خلال الحياة. يمكن أن تحدث الشامة في أي مكان في الجسم ، بما في ذلك الأغشية المخاطية.
\nهناك أنواع مختلفة من الوحمات ، وليست جميعها آمنة ومريحة لأصحابها. يمكن أن تكون الشامات مسطحة ومحدبة ، صفراء وسوداء ، مغطاة بالشعر.
\n\nتتراوح أحجام الخلد من بضعة مليمترات إلى عشرات السنتيمترات في القطر. في بعض الحالات ، تصبح الحمى سرطانية. يجب أن تكون حذرًا إذا كانت لديك شامات بعد التعرض الطويل للشمس ، أو إذا ظهرت واختفت تلقائيًا وزيارة الطبيب على وجه السرعة.
\nلسوء الحظ ، الشامة ليست فقط مسألة جمالية. كما أنه قد يسبب صعوبات وأمراض خطيرة مثل سرطان الجلد. يوصي المتخصصون بالتخلص من الحمى إذا :
\n\nمن الضروري استشارة طبيب الأمراض الجلدية وفحص الشامة بمنظار الجلد لتحديد الإمكانية والطريقة الجراحية. الاستئصال غير المعقول لجميع الشامات لا يفيد الصحة ويمكن أن يبقى ندوبًا على الجسم.
\nموانع إزالة الحمى هي:
\n\nهناك تقنيات لعلاج الشامة مثل:
\n\nتعتمد عملية الشفاء على كمية الأنسجة المزالة - فكلما كبرت الشامة ، زاد الشفاء. ينصح الأطباء بعدم لمس القشرة أو تمزيقها ، ويجب أن تتساقط من تلقاء نفسها. تبقى البقعة الوردية بدلاً من ذلك ويجب حمايتها من التعرض لأشعة الشمس. استخدام العناية بالبشرة مع عامل حماية من الشمس 50+ يزيل خطر التكوينات الجديدة.
\n\nيجب أن تكون منطقة الشفاء من الجلد مساوية لبقية الجلد في اللون والبنية ؛ عندها فقط تنتهي فترة الاسترداد.
\n\nتتطلب إزالة الشامة جراحيًا رعاية متابعة دقيقة بشكل خاص ، لأنها الأكثر صدمة. إذا تضررت المنطقة التي أجريت عليها العملية أو تعرضت للنزيف ، فعليك استشارة الطبيب على الفور.
\nتختلف المخاطر بعد الجراحة وفقًا لسمات المريض وطريقة الإزالة - على سبيل المثال ، النزيف وردود الفعل التحسسية للتخدير ، ونادرًا جدًا تلف الأعصاب.
\n\nالمضاعفات الأكثر شيوعًا هي الندبة بعد العملية. اسأل طبيبك عن كيفية تجنب الإصابة أو تقليلها في الاستشارة.
\nالاستئصال بالليزر هو الطريقة الأكثر شيوعًا في جراحات الشامة. العلاج بالليزر متاح للتطبيق على جميع أجزاء الجسم. هذا النوع من العمليات منخفض الصدمة ، ولا توجد ندوب. يستخدم التخدير الموضعي.
\nاليوم 1
اليوم الثاني
يوم 3
اليوم الرابع
الأسبوع 1
الأسبوع 2
الأسبوع الثالث
الأسبوع الرابع
يرجى ملاحظة أن كل حالة فردية وقد تختلف العملية قليلاً حسب الحالة الصحية للمريض والإجراء المحدد لإزالة الشامة المستخدم.
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