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indicated."},"requirement":"routine"}],"indications":["Biopsy-proven resectable laryngeal or pharyngeal cancer, imaging-staged","Advanced cancer needing total laryngectomy, or salvage after radiotherapy","Neck dissection for regional lymph node disease"],"main_risks":["Loss or alteration of voice; permanent tracheostomy/stoma after total laryngectomy","Swallowing difficulty and aspiration","Bleeding, wound infection, pharyngocutaneous fistula","Pharyngeal stricture or stenosis","Shoulder dysfunction and neck numbness after neck dissection","Hypothyroidism, mainly after adjuvant neck radiotherapy","Tumor recurrence, general anesthesia and thromboembolic risks"],"pain":"Moderate postoperative throat and neck pain, usually controlled with regular analgesia; swallowing discomfort is common. Pain is generally greater after open surgery or neck dissection than after endoscopic resection.","preparation":["Biopsy and staging: endoscopy, CT/MRI/PET-CT","Multidisciplinary tumor board review","Anesthetic and cardiopulmonary fitness assessment","Nutritional support; stop smoking and alcohol","Speech and swallowing counselling, especially before laryngectomy","Dental assessment if radiotherapy is anticipated","Fasting as instructed by anesthesia team"],"recovery_timeline":[{"phase":"Hospital stay","description":"Airway, wound and drain monitoring; often nasogastric feeding initially; swallowing and voice or stoma training begin. Duration depends on surgery extent.","restrictions":["Often nothing by mouth initially","Limited neck movement and voice use"]},{"phase":"Early recovery at home","description":"Wound healing, gradual return to oral diet, stoma or tracheostomy care, pathology review and adjuvant therapy planning.","restrictions":["Avoid heavy lifting and strenuous activity","No smoking or alcohol"]},{"phase":"Later rehabilitation","description":"Speech and swallowing rehabilitation, shoulder physiotherapy after neck dissection, and adjuvant radiotherapy or chemoradiotherapy if indicated.","restrictions":["Activity guided by surgical team and adjuvant treatment"]}],"rehabilitation_days":{"min":30,"max":90,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Oral diet, stoma care and basic communication recovery; longer with neck dissection or adjuvant therapy."},"result_longevity":"Tumor removal is intended to be definitive, with lifelong oncologic surveillance. The permanent stoma is lifelong; voice prosthesis needs replacement every few months.","revision_rate_pct":{"min":5,"max":15,"unit":"percent","qualifier":"Return to theatre within 30–90 days for bleeding, fistula repair or stricture dilation after total laryngectomy."},"scars":"Endoscopic transoral surgery leaves no external scar. Open partial or total laryngectomy and neck dissection leave a neck incision scar, and total laryngectomy leaves a permanent neck stoma.","sessions_or_stages":{"sessions":{"min":1,"max":1,"unit":"visits","qualifier":"Single surgical operation; adjuvant radiotherapy is separate and only if indicated."},"stages":[{"code":"surgery","label":"Laryngectomy with or without neck dissection","after":{"min":0,"max":0,"unit":"days","qualifier":"Day of surgery."}}],"qualifier":"One surgical admission; any adjuvant therapy depends on pathology and is separate."},"success":{"metric":"5-year overall survival after total laryngectomy","value":55,"unit":"percent","horizon":"5 years","population":"Adults with resectable advanced laryngeal cancer treated with total laryngectomy","evidence_status":"limited"},"techniques":[{"name":"Transoral laser or robotic microsurgery (endoscopic cordectomy/supraglottic resection)","suits_whom":"Selected early-stage (T1–T2) laryngeal or pharyngeal tumors with adequate endoscopic exposure","recovery":"Short hospital stay, no external incision; voice and swallowing recovery over weeks."},{"name":"Open partial (conservation) laryngectomy","suits_whom":"Selected intermediate-stage laryngeal tumors that preserve enough functional larynx","recovery":"Hospital stay of several days to about a week or more; temporary tracheostomy or feeding tube possible; swallowing rehabilitation needed."},{"name":"Total laryngectomy","suits_whom":"Advanced laryngeal cancer, cartilage invasion, or failure of organ-preservation treatment","recovery":"Hospital stay often around 1–2 weeks; permanent end tracheostomy; voice rehabilitation (e.g., tracheoesophageal prosthesis) and swallowing recovery needed."},{"name":"Neck dissection (added when nodal disease is present or at risk)","suits_whom":"Patients with clinically positive or high-risk cervical lymph nodes","recovery":"Drain care and shoulder/neck physiotherapy; adds to the overall recovery time."}],"treatment_conditions":["inpatient"],"treatment_duration_hours":{"min":4,"max":8,"unit":"hours","qualifier":"Total laryngectomy; longer with neck dissection or flap reconstruction."},"initial_assessment_documents":["Biopsy and pathology report","Contrast CT or MRI of neck","PET-CT report","Laryngoscopy or endoscopy report with images","Staging summary or tumor board conclusion","Swallowing and voice assessment (if available)"],"travel_trips":{"min":1,"max":2,"one_trip_possible":true,"qualifier":"Single surgical admission; stay about 1–3 weeks by technique. Second trip only if adjuvant radiotherapy or follow-up is done abroad."}}},"hrefLanguages":[{"rel":"alternate","hreflang":"ru","language":"ru","href":"https://ru.bookimed.com/clinics/country=brazil/city=brazilia/procedure=operacia-pri-rake-gortani/"}],"offerFilters":{"offer_count":0,"price_filter":{"from":0,"to":0,"avg":0}},"illnessesByOperation":[{"id":2,"alias":"larynx-cancer","name":"سرطان الحنجرة"}],"rendersOffersList":false}